Additive applied to liquid fuels for internal combustion engines

ABSTRACT

Additive applied to liquid fuels for internal combustion engines, represented by a solution in the liquid fuels such as kerosene; aviation kerosene, automotive gasoline, Diesel oil; Bio Diesel oil among others application field. This field is where this additive is anchored in the anhydrous ethyl alcohol (C 2 H 5 OH) component, which associated to a isopropyl alcohol (C 3 H 8 O) component, and also to the decahydronaphthalene (C 10 H 18 ) component, becomes soluble to each of these fuels, ensuring thus that the same transmit less pollutant material to the environment.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present patent application refers to an additive mixture, notably an additive mixture with ethanol basis, finding as application field every kind of liquid fuels, such as kerosene; aviation kerosene, automotive gasoline, Diesel oil; Bio Diesel oil among others.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Notably, this additive is different from everything ever seen on the technical state in terms of fuel additives, due to its uniqueness possibility of being added to every kind of liquid fuels without compromising their performance features.

Furthermore, while it is applied to every kind of fuels for combustion engines, its use aggregates value under the economic and, specially, ecological optics, as it increases the vehicles and/or equipment range which operation starts to issue a reduced amount of pollutant material, helping thus in combating the environment depreciation.

In addition, this additive represents a simple process of obtainment, based on the simple mixture and homogenization of elements, notably ethanol, easily manipulated and stocked, for which existing industrial sites may be used to obtain the pure ethanol.

The simplicity of the additive obtainment technique, and also the contemporaneous abundance of its components offer makes this unique additive a low cost product, very close to the cost of the ethanol broadly commercialized in gas stations.

Therefore, is conclusive that the fuel additive is provided with innovation, inventive activity and industrial and commercial applicability meeting the requirements of patentability.

In order to verify the context explained in the introduction, a brief illustration on the technique state for fuels used in combustion engines will be presented, where its limiting aspects may be recognized by an experienced technician, so that the same can make further considerations on the advantages aggregated with the introduction of the unique fuel additive.

Internal combustion engines: technically known also as “explosion engines”, a machine which function lies in providing mechanical power and functionality to products such as industrial equipment and automotive vehicles. They are based on combustion (explosion) of combustible/flammable mixture in chambers interior, which may be raised by sparks, as well as by high temperature to which this mixture is exposed.

Types of Internal combustion engines: within the scope of engines known as economically feasible and broadly commercialized, the ones that exceed through presenting a significantly high demand are those applied on automotive vehicles. Among the top ones, appears the following: alternative two times piston engines; alternative four times piston engines; diesel engines, and rotating engines, among others.

Fuels used on internal combustion engines: the following types of liquid fuels are generally used to meet the variety of engines mentioned in the previous paragraph:

-   -   Automotive gasoline;     -   Kerosene;     -   Aviation kerosene;     -   Diesel Oil;     -   Bio Diesel Oil; and     -   Ethanol; among others.

Transmission of pollutant material: the whole process of internal combustion has as collateral effect the transmission of pollutant material, notably a material released in the environment, where this transmission proved to be harmful only in great urban concentrations, where there is a greater concentration of industries and automotive vehicles.

However, while this development verified an uncontrolled expansion in the production of vehicles and equipment, the harmful effects of pollutant material transmission start to extrapolate the limits of the big cities to influence the whole Earth environment.

Solutions to mitigate the transmission of pollutant material to the environment: Especially after 2000, when nature itself started to show clear signals of environment normal conditions deterioration, the urgency to make decisions on the mitigation of the transmission of pollutant material to the environment was evidenced. The Kyoto Protocol evidenced the danger of environment deterioration.

Together with this survival necessity, the use of ethanol fuel instead of gasoline is remarked, and this replacement found a fertile ground in Brazil, which was the first with this kind of technology since the beginning of the 80's.

Thus, nowadays, the use of ethanol in Brazil is diffused as pure fuel as well as additive mixed with automotive gasoline, reducing the transmission of pollutants.

Restrictions to the use of ethanol (C2H5OH): unfortunately, the use of ethanol as additive has found a restrict perception field, the same may be added, especially to gasoline, without compromising the operating conditions of the engines using this kind of fuel. Its most common use is appreciated in engines technically named OTTO cycle engines.

As for the other fuels, kerosene and also the Diesel oil, its mixture becomes incipient and harmful due to a limitation of physical and chemical nature impeding the occurrence of an adequate mixture and homogenization between ethanol and such fuels (kerosene, Diesel, etc. . . . ).

Therefore, it is evidenced that the major limiting factor to the use of ethanol as additive in all kinds of fuels is its non-solubility before the fuels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the mentioned above, the applicant idealized an additive product, which is different due to its possibility of being added to every kind of fuel, specially: automotive gasoline; kerosene; aviation kerosene; Diesel oil and also Bio Diesel oil.

The additive now proposed is different due to its solubility in all those fuels, having only to promote their mixture and homogenization.

Thus, the additive now claimed makes even more possible the use of Ethanol, causing these fuels issue less pollutant material in the environment, powering the measures aiming at the preservation of environment.

Furthermore, considering that ethanol presents low cost when compared with fuels derivate from petroleum, upon their mixture its possible to reduce the cost of these fuels, where kerosene, diesel oil, among others may have reduced prices, as it already occurs with gasoline, that receives, in Brazil, 25% of Ethanol addition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following detailed description should be read and construed with reference to the formulation disclosed to the additive, where such formulation is not intended to limit the invent scope, which is limited only to the extent mentioned in the claiming board.

The additive now claimed is composed as follows:

-   -   Anhydrous Ethyl Alcohol (C₂H₅OH);     -   Isopropyl Alcohol (C₃H₈O); and     -   Decahydronaphthalene (C₁₀H₁₈).

The additive now claimed presents the following components concentrations in accordance to table 1. below.

TABLE 1 Component Volume % 01 Anhydrous Ethyl Alcohol (C2H5OH) 70 02 Isopropyl Alcohol (C3H8O) 20 03 Decahydronaphthalene (C10H18) 10

The formulation described in this detailing topic of the invented additive is supplied only for exemplification purposes. Changes, modifications and variations may be carried out to any other particular concentrations performed by those experienced in the art, provided that, however, it is not in disagreement to the object disclosed in the patent request, which is exclusively defined by the attached claims. 

1) Additive applied to liquid fuels for internal combustion engines, characterized for the composition by the following mixture: anhydrous ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH) with volume of 70%; isopropyl alcohol (C₃H₈O), with volume of 20% and also decahydronaphthalene (C₁₀H₁₈) with volume of 10%; 2) Additive applied to liquid fuels for internal combustion engines, in accordance to the claim 1, where the additive is characterized by its solubility in kerosene; aviation kerosene, diesel oil, bio diesel oil and even gasoline. 